For much of the last century, pain management and pain treatments have included only conventional methods of manipulation, physical therapy, behavioral therapy, and medicinal drugs. Invasive procedures, such as epidural injections and open surgical techniques, have all too often been woefully ineffective.

Today, better understanding of the causes of pain along with advancements in treatment of pain, often driven by technological advancements, have vastly diversified devices, techniques, and treatment procedures the interventional pain specialist can use to relieve your pain. In many cases, catheters, wands, leads, needles and lasers are replacing scalpels and sutures as the tools of the trade.